What are the non-motility factors in GER disease?
R.C. Orlando (New Orleans) 

What is the proportion of normal LES in GER patients?
M. Costantini, G. Zaninotto, M. Anselmino, C. Boccù, E. Ancona (Padova) 

The mechanical model of GER: what are the most important factors in causing GER?
S.S. Kadirkamanathan, D.F. Evans, C.P. Swain (London) 

What are the different types of LES abnormalities responsible for GER?
G. Zaninotto, M. Anselmino, M. Costantini, C. Boccù, D. Molena (Padova) 

In GERD, is the decrease in LES tone possibly secondary to acid reflux?
D. Liebermann-Meffert (Munich) 

Is pepsin concentration related to the amount or duration of acid exposure? How can the delayed acid clearance observed in GERD patients with hiatal hernia be interpreted?
R.W. McCallum, R.L. Brown, J. Sarosiek (Kansas City) 

What is the primary mechanism that contributes to abnormal esophageal peristalsis in patients with reflux? How can the neuronal or myogenic abnormalities in GERD be stated?
D. Sifrim, J. Tack, J. Janssens (Leuven) 

Is there a relationship between TLESR and swallowing? What is the mechanism of non-deglutitive TLESR: gastric distention? Sensory stimuli?
S.R. Orenstein (Pittsburgh) 

Can any difference in reflux patterns be shown in patients with or without hiatal hernia?
H.R. Koelz (Zurich) 

Hiatal hernia

What are the manometric features of a sliding hiatal hernia? How is it best to reduce false negative LES manometries in hiatal hernia?
J.H. Schneider, U. Schott, K.E. Grund, H.D. Becker (Tübingen) 

In patients with hiatal hernia, what is the role of incompetence of the crus compared to that of the LES? In such patients, what is the mechanism of GER?
P.F. Crookes (Los Angeles) 

What is the effect of the diaphragm on intraluminal pressure in the hiatal hernia patient?
P.J. Kahrilas (Chicago) 

What is the relationship between hiatal hernias, GER, and reflux esophagitis on barium studies?
D.J. Ott, M.Y.M. Chen (Winston-Salem) 

What is the correlation of hiatal hernia and GERD, as shown by pH monitoring?
M.Y.M. Chen, D.J. Ott (Winston-Salem), F.H. Miller (Chicago)