1. What is the distal esophageal peristaltic amplitude ?
A.C. Duranceau, C. Deschamps, E. Lafontaine (Montreal)

2. What is the incidence of non-propagated esophageal contractions ?
J.N. Blackwell (Newtownabbey)

3. What are the normal peak values for esophageal contractions ?
W.J. Dodds (Milwaukee) J.E. Richter (Birmingham)

4. What is the incidence of double peaks in peristaltic waves ?
J.E. Richter (Birmingham) WJ. Dodds (Milwaukee)

5. Is manometric pressure likely to assess esophageal propulsive force ?
C.O.H. Russel, N. Bright, G. Whelan (Melbourne)

6. How common are abnormal contractions in the healthy subject ?
D.O. Castell (Philadelphia)

7. Are tertiary waves a sign of disturbed esophageal motility ?
L. Tibbling (Linkoping)

8. Can dry swallows generate a peristaltic sequence ?
J.N. Blackwell (Newtownabbey)

9. What is the effect of bolus temperature on peristalsis ?
D.O. Castell (Philadelphia)

10. What is the effect of bolus size ?
G. Beauchamp (Montreal)

11. What are the modifications of esophageal motility produced by balloon distension ?
T. Frieling (Columbus), P. Enck (Dusseldorf)

12. Can simultaneous contractions occur in the normal subject ?
A.G. Little, W.J. Rifley (Las Vegas)

13. What is the effect of rapid swallows or intra-abdominal pressure on the esophagus ?
D.O. Castell (Philadelphia)

14. What is meant by the « normal coordination of the sphincters » ?
A.C. Duranceau, C. Deschamps, E. Lafontaine (Montreal)

15. How are the resting sphincter pressures recorded ?
G. Cargill (Paris)

16. Does the use of an interactive system for on-line data collection allow better objective analysis of esophageal motility recordings ?
C. Emde (Berlin)

17. Is numerical analysis of the peristaltic waves possible using on-line computer methods ?
J.A. Castell (Philadelphia)

18. How accurate are water-filled infusion systems in measuring pharyngeal motor function ?
J.E. Richter (Birmingham) W.J. Dodds (Milwaukee)

19. Are intraluminal strain-gauges more accurate than water perfused systems ?
J.R. Crist (Boston)

20. Does the measurement of impedance allow correlation of esophageal motility with time ?
J. Fass, J. Silny, J. Braun, U. Heindrichs, B. Dreuw, V. Schumpelick, G. Rau (Aachen)

21. What are the causes of error with perfused catheters ?
S. Chaussade (Paris)

22. How useful is the sleeve sensor ?
J. Dent (Adelaide)

23. The laser motility sensor for long-term study of intra-esophageal pressure
J. Schneider, N.P. Eggert, H.D. Becker (Tubingen) H. Modler (Göttingen)

24. What are the limits of normal esophageal manometry ?
D. Couturier (Paris)

25. Normal values of manometry vary widely
J.R. Crist (Boston)

26. Are there any differences according to the technique employed ?
H.D. Janisch (Berlin)

27. Can a sequential analysis of motor events confirm the existence of motility disorders ?
J. R. Siewert, H. Feussner (Munich)

28. How should manometry of the pharyngoesophageal junction be carried out ?
S. Chaussade (Paris)

29. Why are the values so different from those obtained by conventional methods ?
S. Chaussade (Paris)

30. How can the position of the LES be accurately located ?
G. Cargill (Paris)

31. How can the position of the UES be accurately located ?
G. Cargill (Paris)

32. What is the mean Lower Esophageal Sphincter Pressure in normal subjects ?
J.N. Blackwell (Newtownabbey)

33. What are the factors which modify basal pressures of the esophageal sphincters ?
J. Dent (Adelaide)

34. Is it possible to define esophageal spasm ?
G. Cargill (Paris)

35. What are the major recent advances in anatomic concepts regarding the normal esophagus ?
J. Christensen (Iowa City)

36. Is the transition of striated into smooth muscle precisely known ?
D. Liebermann-Meffert, K. Geissdorfert (Munich)