43. What factors contribute to alkaline reflux and why?
S.J.M. Kraemer, HJ. Stein, H. Feussner, J.R. Siewert (Munich)

44. Can low oxygen tension levels mimic alkaline reflux?
L. Tibbling, U. Gustafsson, F. Sjoberg (Linkoping)

45. What would justify making a positive diagnosis of alkaline reflux?
R.K. Mittal (Charlottesville)

46. Are there histologic changes in esophagus and stomach indicative of alkaline reflux?
T.C. Smyrk (Omaha)

47. Can the action of taurocholate be precised by means of histochemistry?
J.A. Salo (Helsinki)

48. Does alkaline reflux produce mucolysis on the esophageal mucosa as it does on the gastric and duodenal mucosa?
K. Boumcheda, G. Cadiot, J. Vatier, M. Mignon (Paris)

49. How high are serum gastrin levels in case of esophageal alkaline reflux exposure?
T.N. Walsh (Dublin)

50. What are the limitations of intragastric pH measurement in the diagnosis of duodenogastric reflux?
R.A. Hinder (Omaha)

51. Are there alternative methods for measuring "bile" reflux?
P. Bechi, F. Pucciani, F. Baldini, C. Cortesini (Florence)