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Multimedia
from HONselect:
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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)
A ( )
which tumor cell necrosis and destroys cancer cells. Found in two forms :
- TNFalpha (cachetin)
- TNFbeta (lymphotoxin)
The genes that encode both TNF forms are found in the . Both forms of TNF bind to the
same receptors and
therefore have the same activities. TNFalpha is produced by
and some other cells. TNFbeta is produced
by . There is significant activity overlap with . IL1 and TNF act alone or
together to induce systemic
(e.g., fever). LPS (an endotoxin) from
stimulates production of TNFalpha.
TNF is also chemotactic for
and ,
as well as increasing neutrophil activity. Is also
thought to upregulate HIV replication, and may contribute to the pathogenesis of wasting (cachexia) due to the loss of fat from fat cells and increased metabolism of muscle cells.
TNF
causes the symptoms associated with bacterial infections (septic , fever, muscle ache, lethargy, headache,
nausea and ).
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