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Hormonal Disorders in Childhood
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Hormones are chemically diverse substances (e.g. steroids;
peptides), which are released into the bloodstream in response to some
stimulus, and activate cells, depending on the hormone in question.
The system of a group of glands and organs in the body that controls the
secretion of hormones into the blood stream is called the endocrine
system .
The main components of the endocrine system, the main hormones they secrete
and their function are laid out in the below.
The hormonal disorders dealt with in this section are:
- Adrenal Gland Disorders, including ,
&
as well as
( Addison's Disease ).
- , including
and
- Pituitary Gland Disorders, including .
- Testicular Disorders , or androgen (male
sex hormone) disorders.
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Pituitary Gland |
Thyroid Gland |
Parathyroid Glands |
Islets of the Pancreas |
Adrenal glands |
Gonads |
| Location
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Base
of the brain; controlled by the hypothalamus |
Throat |
Throat |
Pancreas
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Above
the kidneys in the lower back |
Testes (Male)
Ovaries (Female) |
| Hormone |
1. Corticotrophin
2. Thyroid-stimulating hormone,
3. FSH
4. LH
5. Growth hormone
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Thyroxine
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Parathyroid |
Insulin |
1. Adrenaline
(Epinephrine)
2. Noradrenaline
(Norepinephrine)
3. Aldosterone
4. Cortisol
5. Certain Androgens
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1.
Testosterone
2. Oestrogen
3. Progesterone |
Function |
1; 2; 3; 4 Control the function of other
endocrine glands and stimulate these glands to produce
other hormones.
5. Ensures growth during childhood.
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Increases metabolic
rate. Physical and mental development in young. |
Removal
of Calcium (CA++) from bone, re-absorption of CA++ from
kidneys; Activates Vitamin D. |
Lowers blood glucose
levels; facilitates the entry of glucose into target cells;
hormone of energy storage; promotes synthesis of glycogen,
protein and fat. |
1; 2 Fight-or-flight reaction
to danger and emotional stress.
3. Regulates the salt balance
in the body
4. Processing protein, fat, and
carbohydrate
5. Male sex hormones
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1. Growth and sexual development;
sperm production.
2. Development & maturation
of accessory reproductive structures (e.g. uterus; breasts)
and secondary sexual characteristics.
3. Development of endometrium
& maintenance during pregnancy. Development of breasts.
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Source:
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The information in this page is presented in summarised form and has been taken
from the following source(s):
1.
University of Maryland Medical System Online Health Guides:
2.
Introduction to Human Physiology , 2nd Edition (1981), M. Griffins, Macmillan Publishing
Co. Inc, New York
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 From
(websites)
From
(def;articles & more)
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Introduction
